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Heterogenní částice v parních turbínách: měření na elektrárně Prunéřov II a další vývoj měřicích metod
Hrubý, Jan ; Kolovratník, M. ; Ždímal, Vladimír ; Jiříček, I. ; Bartoš, O. ; Moravec, P.
The form in which various impurities and admixtures are transported in steam circuits of power plants is a missing piece of knowledge needed to fully understand the processes of liquid phase formation in the low-pressure stages of steam turbines and, consequently, to model these processes and suggest modifications of turbine operation and design. The existence of heterogeneous particles in the superheated steam has been proven by the present team using an original sampling device, enabling using standard aerosol instrumentation to characterize the heterogeneous particles in superheated steam. We report measurements at power plant Prunéřov II, where 5.6E9 particles per kilogram of dry steam was found. The Sauter diameter of the particles d32=30nm was determined. The mass balance indicates, that substantial part of the mass of impurities is contained in particles <3nm, the current detection limit. For this reason an expansion chamber is being developed with a goal of detecting particles down to 1nm.
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